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Brush Your Teeth Before Breakfast (or 30 Minutes Afterward) for Stronger, Healthier Teeth Brush Your Teeth Before Breakfast (or 30 Minutes Afterward) for Stronger, Healthier Teeth Common sense would tell you that brushing your teeth  after  eating breakfast is good, because you clean off all the gunk from your meal, right? Sometimes, though the opposite is true: You're better off brushing beforehand, or waiting 30 minutes after you eat. Here's why. This week's tip isn't a tip from a reader, but more a tip inspired by readers. Yesterday, we shared  why toothpaste makes everything taste bad , and noted in passing that some dentists recommend brushing before breakfast. Many of you were shocked to hear this, so we decided to dig up some more detailed information and put it in its own post for all to see. The Mayo Clinic notes  that brushing your teeth after you eat is good for all the reasons you'd think: you clean out the bacteria from the food you just ate. If you...

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Is This Star Older Than the Universe? Is This Star Older Than the Universe? The oldest known star appears to be older than the universe itself, but a new study is helping to clear up this seeming paradox. Previous research had estimated that the Milky Way galaxy's so-called "Methuselah star" is up to 16 billion years old. That's a problem, since most researchers agree that the  Big Bang  that created the universe occurred about 13.8 billion years ago. Now a team of astronomers has derived a new, less nonsensical age for the Methuselah star, incorporating information about its distance, brightness, composition and structure. "Put all of those ingredients together, and you get an age of 14.5 billion years, with a residual uncertainty that makes the star's age compatible with the age of the universe," study lead author Howard Bond, of Pennsylvania State University and the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, said in a statement. The uncertain...

Meghan Daum: Online commenters and 'the nasty effect' - latimes.com Meghan Daum: Online commenters and 'the nasty effect' - latimes.com Finally! Scientific research backs up my perennial gripe about the soul-killing, society-destroying effects of online comments. A study published last month on the website of the Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication (which does not allow comments) shows that comments can actually sway the perceptions and opinions of otherwise objective readers. Researchers from George Mason University and the  University of Wisconsin-Madison  set up a fake blog with a news item on a new (and also fake) technological product called nanosilver that had several benefits and several risks. They then created two versions of the news post, one with comments that ran the gamut from supportive to skeptical but were civil, and one where the comments ran the same gamut but contained rude outbursts, obscenities and attacks on other commenters. Then they...

http://147.46.20.44/%B9%AE%BC% AD%20%BE%E7%BD%C4/data/%B0%A5% B8%C5%B1%E2/%BE%C8%B6%F4%BB% E7%B9%FD.htm 실험동물의 안락사법 실험동물의 안락사법 I.  일반적인 고려사항 안락사 방식을 선택하는 데 있어서 ,  다음과 같은 기준을 고려해야 한다 . (1)  고통이나 스트레스 ,  공포를 동반하지 않고 무의식 및 죽음을 유도할 수 있는 능력 (2)  무의식을 유도하기 위해 필요한 시간 (3)  신뢰도 (4)  시술자에 대한 안전 (5)  비가역성 (6)  연구 목적과의 일치 (7)  시술자나 관찰자에게 끼치는 정서적인 효과 (8)  연구내용과 조직의 사용에 있어서의 일치 (9)  약물의 사용과 남용가능성 (10)  종과 나이 ,  건강상태의 적합성 (11)  적절한 방법으로 장비를 유지할 수 있는 능력 II.  흡입물질 흡입되는 가스가 동물에 영향을 주기 위해서는 폐포에서 어느 정도 이상의 농도가 되어야 한다 . 혼수상태에 이르기 전에 발작을 일으키는 물질은 안락사에 사용할 물질로 적절치 않다 . 흡입물질에 대해 일반적으로 숙지할 사항은 다음과 같다 . l         혼수상태의 시작이 빠르기 때문에 안락사는 인도적이다 . l         이러한 고농도의 물질을 운반하고 ,  유지하는 장비들은 정부의 규정을 따라야 하고 ,  철저한 실험 계획 하에 이루어져야 한다 . l         이러한 물질의 대부분은 사람에게 위험하다 . l  ...

http://goo.gl/WbvKm Put a Stop to 'Do I Look Fat?' By  ELIZABETH BERNSTEIN Betsy and Jarom Schow agree that the biggest problem they've faced in 12 years of marriage isn't money, sex or parenting. It's weight. Ms. Schow, 31 years old, was heavy for much of her life. When she was growing up, her family ate a lot of processed foods and takeout, and she rarely exercised, she recalls. In school, children "mooed" at her when she walked by. She started her first diet at age 12. She met her future husband in college, in what she calls "a skinny period." Mr. Schow, now 36 and a software engineer, was outdoorsy and thin. The two went on hiking, skiing and rock-climbing dates. Even so, by the time they married in 2000, Ms. Schow had put on 25 pounds. Every year, it seemed she would lose 25 pounds and gain 30 back. By the Schows' fifth wedding anniversary, Ms. Schow weighed 220 pounds. And she was very unhappy about it. Few subjects ...